ellin wood



' Oct. 3, 1944. H. R.' ELLINWOOD Re. 22,

" I-NVERTED GUIDE IAL VE UNIT Original Tiled Feb. 18, 1941- 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 g] 1 we 14% cm ,firman fag/272172100011? Oct. 3, 1944. H. R. ELLINWOOD Re. 22,

INVERTED GUIDE VALVE UNIT Original Filed Feb. 18, 1941 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 st rATENnoi-mci:

d ourbaivaava mr Precision Products tom ICorp., Burbank,

Calii.. a corporation or Qaliiernia Original No. 2,338,101, dated January 4, 1944, Serial No. 879,453, February .18, 1941. Application 1944, Serial No. 548,483

s Claims. (Cl. 251-132) ior reissue August i,

This invention relates to valves as used ior continuing the hydraulic actuators or boosters for certain controls, the landing gear and other components oi an airplane.

Valves oi this type are of necessity made as light and as small as possible commensurate with accuracy and reliability oi performance and capability oi'operation under high pressures. Due

to these requirements an accurate machining, iitting and assembling of the necessarily small parts oi the valve and associated body are rendered dimcult and costly as to labor and tooling and the maintenance of such valves also involves high costs. In iact a certain appreciable eiilcieney loss is accounted ior in consideration oi the essential low weight and small size iactors embodied in such valves.

In consideration oi the difllculties and objecpresent invention to provide a small compact, light weight and highly eillcient P ppet valve assembly in which all parts requiring accurate fitting 'are embodied in one unitary sub-assembly capable oi being readily inserted for use in and likewise removed irom its valve body which latter like the valve assembly may be made oi simple form and at a comparatively low cost with a minimum oi diiilcult and costly machining, all by reason oi the particular construction and arrangement of said preassembledvalv unit.

Another object oi my invention is to provide tions, hereinbeiore noted it is an object o! the a valve assembly such as described in which a" novel inverted guide means eliminatesthe drilling of holes tor the passage oi fluid and makes possible the use oi an extremely small valve stem which requires no guiding and permits of an unrestricted flow oi fluid through the valve seat and associated passages.

Another object oi my invention is to provide a valv assembly such as described wherein the desired concentricity oi the valve parts requires little special machining consideration inasmuch as concentricity is dependent only on plainground cylindrical suriaces oi parts of the valve assembly and does not require the use oi screw threads locks or similar devices as employed in the more or less conventional valve heretoiore used in this art. p

A further object oi my invention is to provide a valve assembly oi the character dc ribed wherein it is unnecessary to permanently p ss or screw the assembly into its valve body inasmuch as all sealing requirements are met by the i'nsertion'oi a simple sealing ring or rings between the guide sleeve and the body, said sealing means periorming the dual iunctlon of sealing the guide sleeve and body, and sealing the cap or plug employed ior removably maintaining the valve assembly in place in said body.

Still another object is to provide a new and useiul valve construction which not only iacilitates the manuiacturing thereof with attendant reduction in costs but also aflords a ready replacement oi scored or otherwise mutilated com-'- 1 ponents thereof without requiring expensive service tools and costly labor.

A further object oi this invention is to provide a valve arrangement such as described wherein the use or an auxiliary intermediate actuating pin or push rod between the short valve stem and the cam shaft removes all possibility oi sideload with attendant possible distortion and leakage which oiten occurs in valves having stems directly actuated by the cam shaft.

Still another object oi my invention is to provide a valve assembly of the character described wherein a cylindrical valve sleeve or cage is open at its upper end and has annular seats ior itseli and the valve at its lower end, said cage having side ports above the seats and being constructed to define an annular passage or chamber between it and the body in which latter it is installed by merely being inserted in a simple bore in said body; the valve proper being mounted in said cage and guided therein solely by 'a cylindrical guide integral with the valve and having a working lit with the interior oi the cage, said guide receiving the valve spring and having side ports registering with the side ports in said cage above the valve proper, the stem oi the valve being of relatively small diameter and short to insure unrestricted flow through the valve assembly and said stem serving only as a valve operating means and its sole contact being with a cam shaft actuated push rod;

With the ioregoing objects in view together with such other oblects and advantages'as may subsequently appear, the invention is carried into eiiect as illustrated by way oi example in the accompanying drawings in which:

Fig. 1 is a fragmentary perspective view of a multiple valve arrangement embodying the present invention as employed for controlling allydraulic jack as used in an airplane:

Fig. 2 is an enlarged longitudinal vertical section oi the. valve shown in Fig. 1 taken on the medial plane thereof:

' Fig. 3 is a fragmentary cross sectional view taken on the plane oi line 3-3 01' Fig. 2:

Fig. 4 is an enlarged section on lined-4 of Fig. 2:

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary elevatlonal sectional view oi the valve assembly:

Fig. 6 is a cross section taken on the line 6-6 of Fig.5:

view oi the ing drawings it will be observed that I have shown four sub-assembly valve units embodying my invention designated A, B, C and D, mounted in line or in a row in' a valve body E and adapted to be selectively operated by means of a cam shaft F and push rods G. Pipe lines H and J lead to the body E from a hydraulic pump not shown whereas pipe lines K and L connect this multiple valve unit with opposite ends of the cylinder M of a hydraulic jack such as used for operating or boosting the operation of airplane controls and the like. The Jack plunger N is extended and retracted upon appropriate manipulation of the cam shaft and the resultant operation of the control valves hereof as will be hereinafter more fully described.

In carrying out the invention the valve body E is formed from a solid block of metal which is drilled to provide requisite boreaports and passages hereinafter set forth and including a cylindrical bore l leading inwardly from one face of the block and a reduced bore l0 extending in continuation of the inner end of the bore III in axial alignment therewith; an abrupt annular seat or shoulder 9 being formed at the juncture of the inner end of the bore ill with the outer end of the bore Ill the face of which shoulder extends perpendicular to the axes of the bores. The outer end portion of the bore III is threaded to receive a screw plug 22 between which and the shoulder l2 my sub-assembly valve unit is mounted. Passages for fluid controlled by the valve unit lead from the bores Ill and I II as will be later described, which, in the case of the passages leading from the bore l0 constitute a passage which opens to the bores through the cylindrical walls thereof at points intermediate the shoulder l2 and the threaded outer ends of the bores for purposes hereinafter made apparent.

Each of my sub-assembly valve units here shown comprises a cage or sleeve member 6 of cylindrical form fully open at its upper end and provided at its lower end with an integral annular seat member I. The lower face of member I is frusto-conical to provide a beveled seat I adapted to engage and rest on the margin of, the annular seat or shoulder 9 in the bore III of the valve body E with the tip of the member I extending slightly into the bore Ill. The upper face of the member I is provided around opening ll therein with an annular upstandingrim-like valve seat l2 spaced inwardly from the inner periphery of the cage sidewall.

Between its ends the cage or sleeve 6 is circumferentially relieved or grooved as at ll so as to define an annular fluid passage it between the cage and the cylindrical wall of the bore i0, said passage being in communication with the interior of the cage through side ports II in the cage near the plane of the upper side of the seat member I.

A valve member II is mounted in the cage 6 for co-operation with its seat i2 and supports an upstanding hollow guide cylinder ll which is preferably joined thereto as by means of an annulus or reduced neck 18 of approximately the same over all diameter as the valve IS, the guide proper, that is the portion thereof above said neck I! being of greater outside diameter than the valve and having a working fit with the bore of the cage or sleeve 6 above the valve member of the guide proper. Ports 20 in the neck ll afford communication of the interior of the tially on a plane with the ports ii in the cage 6 so that fluid may then flow from the passage it directly across the passage I9 and through the ports ii to the interior of the neck i8 and the tubular guide cylinder l1 and above the valve member l6, and when the valve member I8 is in an open position, as shown in Fig. 4; the fluid will flow from the passage ll through the ports II and pass diagonally downward through the discharge opening II. The valve member It has its outer margin beveled and when open such margin will extend opposite the ports II and will then act to deflect the flow of fluid downward beneath the valve. The plug 22 has an annular inner end 23 which bears on a sealing ring 24 of suitable material, mounted in a circumferential recess 25 in the upper end of the cage or sleeve Ii and engaging the wall of bore Iii whereby the plug and ring perform the double function of removably holding the valve assembly in the desired position in the bore I0 and sealing said assembly and the plug in the bore in a most effective manner. A short valve stem 26 of comparatively small diameter depends from the center of the valve l6 and extends through the opening ii to .a Point slightly below the lower side of the member I into the reduced bore l0.

A push rod G is slidable in a bore 21 therefore formed in the valve body and axially aligned with the bores l0 and III, which push rod extends into the bore i0 so that its upper ends contact the IB. The reduced neck 18 defines an annular balancing or equalizing chamber or passage l9 between the neck and the cage and between the opposed portions of member I andthe lower end D as shown in Fig. 2 where the lower ends of the bores ill have ports 30 and 3| opening into the cam shaft chamber 32 in the body E.

As the valve stem 26 is comparatively small the fluid will have an unrestricted flow through the opening I I responsive to opening of the valve II and associated passages, this, free flow being further assured by reason of the construction of the valve cage and valve guide which form the annular passages l4 and i9. This elimination of flow restriction is highly desirable as it makes for quicker response of the hydraulic Jack following operation of the valve for controlling it.

It is important ,to note that the valve assembly of my invention including primarily'the cage a, valve i8, and guide l'l may be conveniently assembled before being installed and in assembled form readily inserted into the bore l5 therefore 7 to become automatically properly centered and tend the lack. plunger.

I v 98,553 'plug'fland ring 2i provide a simple means of ple valve arrangement shown in Figs. 1 and 2,

and assuming the valves A, B, C and D thereof are in the positions as shown in Fig. 2, valves A and C are opened and valves 13 and D are closed and the unit is set to apply pressure fluid to ex- At this time pressure fluid from the pump not shown "is efl'ective through the line H, a e ",branch passage I, annular passage ll of valve C, ports Ii, interior of cage i, opening I l of open valve C, bore ll, ports 34, e 35, line K to one end of the cylinder of the hydraulic jack. The return of fluid from the other end of the jack cylinder M to the pump is eii'ective through line L, passages ll and I1, annular passage ll of valve assembly v A,'ports ll of valve'A, opening ll, bore ll, ports 80, earn shaft chamber 32, passage 38 communicating with chamber 32 and back to the pump through line J leadingfrom passage. 38. In this connection it should be noted that the cam shaft is longitudinally grooved at 39, 40, ll and 42 to afford, passageway for fluid in chamber 32 from the valves A and D to the passage 38 which communicates with said chamber.,

To retract the lack the cam shaftis turned to open the valves Band D and close valves A and whereby the pressure fluid is eflective through passage 38, branch 38'', annular passage ll, ports ll, oven valve member ii, opening II and bore ll of valve B, ports II, passage 30, line L to one end of Jack cylinder, while the fluid returns from the other end of said cylinder through line K, passage ll, ports ll, annular e H, ports ll, open valve member i6, opening Ii and ports ii of valve D, can shaft chamber I2, passage 8|, and'lineJ tothe pump.

While I. have shown and described a speciflc.

embodiment of my invention I do not limit myself to the exact details of construction set forth. and the invention embraces such changes, modiflcations, and equivalents of the parts and their formation and arrangement as come within the purview of the appended claims.

I claim:

i. In a valve assembly, a block valve body having a. pair of connecting axially aligned cylindrical bores of diflerent diameters provided between their adjacent ends with a seat and formed with ports leading from said bores at points on opposite sides of the plane of said seat, acylindrlcl-l in said cage, a plug holding the cage seated. a spring interposed between said plug and bearing directly on said valve member for seating the latter, a stem carried by said valve on the other side thereof and extending through and being circumferentially spaced from said valve seat to aii'ord the fluid through the seat,

means extending into the innermost of said bores and engageable with said stem for operating said valve member, and a port in said cage for establishing communication between the ports in said bores when the valve member is unseated. v

2. The structure called for in claim 1 in which 'the cylindrical guide is tubular and open at its outer end and in which one end portion of the spring extends into the bore of the tubular guide adjacent ends with a seat and formed with ports at points on opposite sides of the plane of saidseat, a tubular cage adapted to be axially inserted into and withdrawn from the outermost of said bores, a seat member carried on one end of said cage and having on its outer face a seat for contact with the seat between said bores and provided on its inner face with a valve seat, a valve member movable axially in said cage into and out of contact with said valve seat, a guide carried by said valve member on one side thereof, and having a guiding fit within said cage and open at its outer end. aphlg holdin the cage seated, n spring interposed between said plug and said valve member for seating the latter. a stem carried by said valve on the side thereof opposite said guide and extending through and being circumferentially spaced from said valve seat to afford the passage of fluid through the seat, means extending into said bore and engageable with said stem for operating said valve member, ports in said cage for establishing commu-' tubular and open at its outer end to receive the hibularcageadaptedtobeaxiallyinsertedinto.

and withdrawn from the outermost of said bores, a seat member carried on the'inner end of said cage and having a frusto-con'ical outer. face for contact with the margin of the seat between said bores and provided on its inner face with a valve seat, a valve member movable axially in said cage into and out of contact with said valve seat, a cylindrical guide carried by said valve member on one side thereof and having a guiding fit withspring and closed at its other end by the valve member, and said spring bearing directly on said valve member within said guide.

5. The structure called for in claim 4 in which the tubular guide is formed with ports in the side wall thereof immediately above the seating point of said spring on said valve member affording communication between the interior of said guide andthepottsinthecage.

6. The structure called for in claim 4 in which an annular neck connects the guide and the valve member of smaller diameter than said guide member; said neck surrounding the end portion oi said spring seating on said valve and deflni'ng a chamber between the cage and neck in communication with the ports in the cage, and said neck having ports affording an open communication between the interior of the guide and neck and said chamber.

HERMAN RAY ELLmwooD, 

